Detail of the Current Conveyor Technology

Core:
               Master-10 is a true balanced design applying the newest ACSS design which can improved the XLR connection to sound as good as the ACSS connection. It seems complex , but in fact they are the most simple design the world has ever had , their a lot components to process the power supply. The Master-10 power amp only has a single " voltage" gain stage to process signals, but works in ACSS mode so in fact it is a current gain stage instead of voltage gain stage, whereas normal OPA chips already include two or three voltage gain stages. The simplest and shortest signal journey brings out the most neutral and least colored sound.
              Master-10 applies ultra-low distortion single stage ACSS amplifier and soldered directly on the motherboard . The gain stages and pre-driver stages working on class A .
             The output transistors stages working on high idle current state . The diamond cross output stage design can avoid "switch distortion"  as good as the class A amp .
              The ACSS is a non-feedback technology made with fully discrete amplifiers. Most people know the global feedback design can offer better specs in test measurements, and non-feedback can't do well in test measurements but can offer better sound for the human's ears. Here is a conflict of the classic circuits. But the ACSS opens a new field, it can offer a least coloration sound which is more neutral with very low distortion and high linearity. So it can retain the dynamics, detail and neutral sound but not sound bright or harsh.
              All signal gain is in current, achieved by the unique, superb open-loop multiple output current mirror. Incomparably precise and ultra-low distortion in the gain signal is the result. The signal path is balanced throughout and all transistors work in class A mode.
              The ACSS parts use 4 groups of high-quality class A parallel connection PSU for dedicated DC supply. The class A parallel connection PSU has very high input impedance to avoid pulse from the PSU from affecting the gain stages, and low output impedance with very fast speed and high linear, so it is a very clean power supply.

Drives:
              Massive use of high power parts and robust power supply guarantee vigorous current output that drives most existing loudspeakers. Master-10 applies four channels of diamond non-feedback output stages composed of 24 pieces of ON Semiconductor transistors. The capacitance of the whole machine reaches as high as 140,000uF. Two transformers are used with total power of 1500W.
     
Input: 
              Master-10 can input not only XLR balanced signal and RCA single end signal, but also the top grade ACSS current signal. No matter what kind of signal it is input, it is able to transfer it to balanced current signal and amplify it.

Shield and avoid vibration:
             Master-10 uses heavyweight all aluminum alloy chassis to prevent the eddy current of transformers from interfering with the circuit board.  The interior is separated into 2 sections with aluminum boards for the best separation off the ACSS parts, the output stages and transformers. The AC power wire is shielded by a copper channel from back to front.

             Master-10 take care the vibration for the best sound playback. Each channels gain parts under a 5MM thick aluminum board, these aluminum board not only poise the heat between cool and hot amps, our workers care to install all transistors cling the aluminum board for avoid the vibration cause the sounding worst. From our testing, with the aluminum board bring clear detail reproduce and less harsh than take off the aluminum board .
                                                           

Volume control:
            The volume control is also different from conventional technology. Conventional volume control technology is the volume control implement in the analog amp input stage through a volume pot to reduce the signal   . The volume pots quality effect the sound quality direct , the low quality volume pot cause lost the detail and channels imbalance cause the soundstage distortion  . Even the high performance volume pot still cause the detail lose. Whatever quality volume pots, must cause the S/N worst .
            But in the Master-10 , we applied the I/V conversion volume control , the volume control just  a variable passive I/V conversion place at the ACSS amp output , where the output is the current signal, not the voltage signal. The volume control is I/V conversion, and the volume depends on the current (I) conversion to the voltage (V). (Like R-2R D/A chips output passive I/V conversion)  It can keep the signal frequency band flat and not lost any detail. It can't degrade on sound quality in every volume level . After the volume , there are four groups  dual FET  non-feedback buffer output stages offer the very low output impedance  .
            Mark Levinson also knows that current volume control has great benefits, so in their Top End preamp NO.32 volume control, they use many components to change the signal to current signal (I),  then implement the volume control , and then change back to voltage signal (V) again. But Master-10 is simply a more complete work in terms of the current signal, and technically, it is superior to conventional technology. The less conversion bring much neutral sound .
            The volume control quality is much important in the real balance gear . It must guarantee the four channels signal control exact to achieve the performance of the real balance gear .  If the cool and hot of the balance signal can't guarantee exact, the balance output will has large distortion cause the sound quality and performance even much worst than a single end gear waste the  balance gear  design and the cost.
            In Master-10 is applied a four channels digital control relays based volume control. .Master-10 has total four channels through changing the DALE resistors to control the volume for avoid channels imbalanced ,achieve the best performance and sound quality of the gear.
            Master-10 allow users select between 99 steps exponential characteristic volume control and 70 steps linear characteristic volume control, whatever volume control allow users smooth to control the volume level . While change the volume, the different relays break or close, it may had slightly switch sound on output and disappear while stop change the volume.

Components:
         Uses all audiophile grade components, including DALE resistors, WIMA & SOLEN caps, custom order NOVER (UK brand) caps, all audiophile grade input (Neutrik) & output sockets (CMC) and gold IEC socket. The output transistors are 24 pieces of ON Semiconductor transistors. Master-10 has all parts of four channels exact-matched before installation.

Static storage mode control software:
           In most control softwares design, the MCU will continuously output data to the perform parts , the MCU had the very high speed, so the output data become high frequency impulses disturb the audio signal circuits make the sound worst . This product had applied static storage mode control software , the MCU output once control data and save in the perform parts while just power on and users operate ,then stop output data until users next operation. This design make the sound quality improve on the clear and transparency .